Languary 25
Jan. 26th, 2016 04:20 amOnce you and I know who we each are, the next thing we want to do is talk about other people and that is why we need the third person. ‘Allspeak’ has four third person singular pronouns and two plural ones. All nouns are presumed to be in the third person until proven otherwise. Thus we have:
The singular third person pronouns are:
Subjective Objective Possessive adjective Reflexive
Fluid jay /ʤeɪ/ jayer /ʤeɪɜ/ jaym /ʤeɪm/ jayerjay /ʤeɪɜʤeɪ/
She jow /ʤaʊ/ jower /ʤaʊɜ/ jowm /ʤaʊm/ jowerjow /ʤaʊɜʤaʊ/
He jear /jıə/ jearer /jıəɜ/ jearm /jıəm/ jearerjear /jıəɜjıə/
It (thing) joy /jɔɪ/ joyer /jɔɪɜ/ joym /jɔɪm/ joyerjoy /jɔɪɜjɔɪ/
Jay is for people or creatures of unknown gender or whose gender is known not to be completely male or female for whatever reason. Joy is only ever used for things, not people, unless that person tells you that it is their preferred pronoun.
The two plural third person pronouns may be described as the ‘known they’ and the ‘unknown they.’ When speaking theoretically or metaphorically, about ‘them’, the unknown form is used:
Subjective Objective Possessive adjective Reflexive
Known jayk /jeɪk/ jayker /jeɪkɜ/ jaykm /jeɪkm/ jaykerjayk /jeɪkɜjeɪk/
Unknown joyk /jɔɪk/ joyker /jɔɪkɜ/ joykm /jɔɪkm/ joyerjoy /jɔɪɜjɔɪ/
Where second person verb forms add the vowel of the subjective pronoun to the verb as a suffix before any other suffixes are added, the third person forms add the first sound of the subjective pronouns as a suffix in the same way, thus giving only one set of verb forms for the third person. Because of this, third person pronouns are more widely used then implied, whereas the first person pronouns are usually only implied and the second person pronouns are implied where reasonable. The resulting verb forms are”
Singular Plural
she/he/it stop = tarkj they stop = tarkjk
she/he/it is stopping stop = tarkja they are stopping = tarkjak
she/he/it will stop = tarkjyu they will stop = tarkjyuk
she/he/it will be stopping = tarkjayu they will be stopping = tarkjayuk
she/he/it plan to stop = yutarkj they plan to stop = yutarkjk
she/he/it are planning to stop = yutarkja they are planning to stop = yutarkjak
she/he/it will plan to stop = yutarkjyu they will plan to stop = yutarkjyuk
she/he/it are going to be stopping/are planning to be stopping = yutarkjayu they are going to be stopping/are planning to be stopping – yutarkjayuk
she/he/it stopped = tarkjow they stopped – tarkjowk
she/he/it was stopping = tarkjaow they stopped – tarkjaowk
she/he/it planned to stop = yutarkjow they planned to stop = yutarkjowk
she/he/it were planning to stop = yutarkjaow they were planning to stop = yutarkjaowk
she/he/it had planned to stop = yutarkjow They had planned to stop – yutarkjowk
she/he/it was going to be stopping/was planning to be stopping – yutarkjaow they were going to be stopping/were planning to be stopping - yutarkjaowk
Having these pronouns and verb forms allows us to talk about other people and, being human that means that we are often judgemental. In ‘Allspeak’ most words to do with spiritual values and virtues were lifted from Setsunyan religious practice, which was not only influential but had a wide ranging vocabulary on the subject to plunder. Kermge, an adjective meaning ‘deserving’ is such a word, coming from the verb kerm, ‘to deserve’.
There are two sets of qualifying words in ‘Allspeak’, one from Setsunyan practice that applied originally to human traits and virtues, and the other from Eddic which deal with physically observable phenomenon. If you describing a glass as being almost full, then you use gek for ‘almost’. You could also describe someone as being gek kermge, but the usual usage would be mahowl kermge, where mahowl means ‘almost or nearly attained.’
If we want to describe someone by age, then the word for boy is oud, specifically a pre-pubescent male, while an immature male who’s reached and passed puberty is an udool, and an adult male is a nanðroe.
The definite article, as already mentioned, is dek while the indefinite article is kle.
The conjunction used to join things which do not disagree, the equivalent of the English ‘and’ is eld.
Etsou / ɛtsoʊ/ is a word used to begin stories. It has connotations of ‘once upon a time’ and ‘once there was’, but it is also used to begin someone’s latest fishing story.
This allows us to say:
etsou kle ouder loshchegjow Eustace Clarence Scrubb eld mahowl kermjeow joyer.
(Once there was a boy named Eustace Clarence Scrubb and almost (he) deserved it.)
Or, more unkindly:
etsou kle ouder kopapojow Eustace Clarence Scrubb eld mahowl kermjeow joyer.
(Once there was a boy (everyone) called Eustace Clarence Scrubb and almost (he) deserved it.)